Python - Nested if Statement

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Python supports nested if statements which means we can use a conditional if and if...else statement inside an existing if statement.

There may be a situation when you want to check for additional conditions after the initial one resolves to true. In such a situation, you can use the nested if construct.

Additionally, within a nested if construct, you can include an if...elif...else construct inside another if...elif...else construct.

Syntax of Nested if Statement

The syntax of the nested if construct with else condition will be like this −

if boolean_expression1:
   statement(s)
   if boolean_expression2:
      statement(s)

Flowchart of Nested if Statement

Following is the flowchart of Python nested if statement −

Example of Nested if Statement

The below example shows the working of nested if statements −

num = 36
print ("num = ", num)
if num % 2 == 0:
   if num % 3 == 0:
      print ("Divisible by 3 and 2")
print("....execution ends....")

When you run the above code, it will display the following result −

num =  36
Divisible by 3 and 2
....execution ends....

Nested if Statement with else Condition

As mentioned earlier, we can nest if-else statement within an if statement. If the if condition is true, the first if-else statement will be executed otherwise, statements inside the else block will be executed.

Syntax

The syntax of the nested if construct with else condition will be like this −

if expression1:
   statement(s)
   if expression2:
      statement(s)
   else
      statement(s)
else:
   if expression3:
      statement(s)
   else:
      statement(s)

Example

Now let's take a Python code to understand how it works −

num=8
print ("num = ",num)
if num%2==0:
   if num%3==0:
      print ("Divisible by 3 and 2")
   else:
      print ("divisible by 2 not divisible by 3")
else:
   if num%3==0:
      print ("divisible by 3 not divisible by 2")
   else:
      print ("not Divisible by 2 not divisible by 3")

When the above code is executed, it produces the following output −

num = 8
divisible by 2 not divisible by 3
num = 15
divisible by 3 not divisible by 2
num = 12
Divisible by 3 and 2
num = 5
not Divisible by 2 not divisible by 3